What is the role of a refrigerant in an air conditioning system?

The correct answer highlights the primary function of refrigerants in air conditioning systems: to remove heat from the indoors. Refrigerants circulate through the system, absorbing heat from the indoor air as they evaporate, and transferring that heat outside as they condense. This heat exchange is the fundamental principle behind the cooling process in air conditioning.

By absorbing heat from the space being cooled, the refrigerant effectively lowers the indoor temperature, making the environment more comfortable. It is crucial to understand that the refrigerant undergoes phase changes—from liquid to gas and back again—allowing it to carry heat away efficiently. This process is essential for maintaining the desired climate within residential buildings.